CONJUNCTIVITIS
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva to load.
symptomatology
To diagnose the causes of conjunctivitis are many possible symptoms to look for:
substances:
a) mucus
b) membranes
c) pus
poor lacrimation
photophobia
itch
a) slight
b) average
c) strong
level eperemia conjunctival:
edema of the conjunctiva
loss of transparency of the conjunctiva
newly formed capillaries
irritating foam in the vicinity of the lower lid margin and carnucola
presence of papillae
presence of follicles
types
Conjunctivitis differs, in relation to the cause of the inflammation, in:
infectious conjunctivitis
bacterial
viral
chlamydia
fungal
protozoal
allergic conjunctivitis
atopic true
vernal
phlyctenular
irritant conjunctivitis
by physico-chemical agents
foreign bodies
from general diseases or skin
(the numbers next to the type of conjunctivitis indicate that the characteristic symptoms of conjunctivitis with reference to the initial table)
Examples of risk factors not directly infectious: pollutants in air and water, cold or heat, radiation particular (computer), harmful side effects of certain medications, changes in pH on the ocular surface (eg. following the contact with water during ablution, at the beach or in the pool), contact with hair spray, deodorant spray, cosmetics
infectious conjunctivitis
Bacteria are the most responsible for staphylococcus, streptococcus, haemophilus, pseudomonas catarrhal (acute, sub-acute and chronic), purulent (Neisseria gonorrhea) membranous. Conjunctivitis caused by bacteria is very common and contagious disease, generally affects children, young people or people who work in a poorly hygienic; you can infect coming into contact with bacterially contaminated water or touching the eyes with dirty hands. The infection can be transmitted if you use towels or eye drops in common with other people. It occurs in one or both eyes hitting the membrane that covers the inside of the eyelids and lacrimal areas; The most common symptoms are a burning sensation, discomfort at the sight. The tearing is reduced while on the contrary it produces a mucus or pus yellow / gray sticky especially at night, during sleep, accumulating on the sides of the eye and then between the lashes can cause the effect of gluing the eyelids on waking; in this case, just soften the mucus with a cloth moistened with plain water carefully removing the crusts present. Normally this type of conjunctivitis disappears independently after 3 or 4 days, but in severe cases, persistent and can last up to 3 or 4 weeks; The treatment consists in removing the pus with care and delicacy then using an antibacterial eye drops suitable for this type of infection. It is advisable to ask your doctor's prescription pharmaceutical or other indication about the type of eye drops and the method of administration. It is extremely important not to rub or blindfolding, always wash your hands after touching your eyes, and if the infected eye was only one, avoid transmitting the infection to the other eye. In the event that, after 3 or 4 days, the situation does not improve you should contact a doctor. In the market there are also antibacterial creams that perform the same function as eye drops, however, are recommended for use at night because they act with greater intensity than the eye drops. The subacute conjunctivitis, brought by diplobacillo of Morax-Axenfeld, has characteristic involvement of the areas in the vicinity of the songs and eczematous changes of the skin at the corners of the eyelids.
Chronic conjunctivitis: If you have chronic symptoms has a less flashy and may not represent the complete healing of old or acute conjunctivitis may result from declines in the immune system due to disease such as acne, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, or can be supported by the action constant environmental irritants, including the lacrimal hyposecretion. Of this group belong also: Conjunctivitis meibomiana, due to alterations of the Meibomian glands; The lacrimal conjunctivitis, caused by an obstruction of the lacrimal ducts which causes stagnation of tears and also encourages fungal infection; Purulent conjunctivitis are caused by highly pathogenic microorganisms that are called pyogenic for the ability to develop pus.
viral conjunctivitis
Follicles are present, there is often swelling of the preauricular lymph node, often affects only one eye. Appear in the course of exanthematous diseases (measles, chickenpox, rubella, ...), influenza or herpes simplex or zoster or different types of adenovirus. in these cases, the lesions riduardano almost always also the cornea.
conjunctivitis herpes zoster pass through the facial nerves, following its course. said dendritic ulceration create features for the shape similar to that of dendrites of neurons.
A form of conjunctivitis that has symptoms similar to viral infection is chronic follicular origin that may have caused by infectious mollisco of the eyelid margin, or to a toxic substance. A more severe form of the same is trachoma, Chlamydia trachomatis from a microorganism that is similar to a virus, this disease leads to blindness affecting the cornea in advanced forms.
allergic conjunctivitis
The seasonal form is very frequent, characterized by intense itching in the eyes. is a form of short duration due to pollen. In some cases, often in children, may have more severe frameworks affecting the cornea where it may result in injury, loss epithelial bet a true ulcers. In adults the same shape can be more serious and it is still quite rare, can cause progressive corneal scarring in fact associated with neovascularization. The common form is given by a hypersensitivity reaction to an agent that may be a drug or a corsevante or else that is to be in quantity in the conjunctival sac; manifestations are itching, hyperemia, presence of papillae and follicles, intolerance to contact lenses. The gigantopapillare form is infrequent except for wearers of contact lenses or for those who wear dentures or ocular surgical sutures. In the case of contact lenses are believed to be proteins, that after about 15 days degenerate in the contact lens if they are not carefully removed, to act as antigen.
conjunctival epithelial integrity:
conjunctival hyperemia:
lysozyme
immunoglobulins of the tear
prevention
defenses
conjunctival epithelial integrity:
conjunctival hyperemia:
lysozyme
immunoglobulins of the tear
prevention